Edward I Longshanks Plantagenet

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Edward I House of Plantagenet, King of England 1272-1307 Known as "Longshanks" for his extraordinary height, Edward, son of King Henry III, was a strong-willed, militaristic king who succeeded in subduing Wales but failed to conquer Scotland. He made significant changes to feudal law, strengthening both the Crown and Parliament at the cost of the old nobility. Edward Longshanks was a statesman, lawyer and soldier. He formed the Model Parliament in 1295, bringing together the knights, clergy, nobility and burgesses of the cities, bringing Lords and Commons together for the first time. Aiming at a united Britain, he defeated the Welsh chieftains and desgnated his eldest son Prince of Wales.

Edward married Leanor of Castile on 1 Nov 1254 in Abbey of Santa Mar. was born about 1241 in Kingdom of Castile, Hispania; died about 1290 in Harby, Nottinghamshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Joan of Acre was born about 1272 in Syria; died about 1307.
2. Elizabeth Plantagenet was born on 7 Aug 1282; died on 5 May 1316 in England.

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Henry III Plantagenet, King of England 1216-1272 was 9 years old when he became King. Brought up by priests he became devoted to the church, art, and learning. In 1264 Henry was captured during the rebellion of Barons led by Simon de Montfort and was forced to set up a 'Parlement' at Westminster which later became the House of Commons. Henry was the greatest of all patrons of medieval architecture and ordered the rebuilding of Westminster Abbey in the Gothic style.

Henry married Eleanore of Provence about 1216 in England. was born about 1207; died about 1291. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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Noted that King Henry III was age 9 at the time he married to Eleanore of Provence

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John Lackland, House of Plantagenet, King of England 1199-1216. His rule began after the death of his elder brother Richarad I the Lionheart who died 6 Apr 1199 from an infected shoulder wound.. John (Lackland) was subsequently appointed King of England. His reign saw a renewal of war with Phillip II Augustus of France to whom he lost several continental possesions, including Normandy, by 1205. On 15 Jun 1215 at Runnymede*, English barons compelled King John to sign the Magna Charta (Great Charter) which reinstated the rights of all his subjects. His later repudiation of the charter led to the First Barons War 1215-17 during which John died. *Runnymede is a water-meadow alongside the River Thames in the English county of Surrey, and just over 20 miles (32 km) west of central London.

John married Isabelle des Angoul on 24 Aug 1200 in Bordeaux, Aquitaine. Isabelle was born about 1188; died about 1246. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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Isabella of Angoul

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Henry II Plantagenet King of England 1154-1189 Henry of Anjou was a strong king. A brilliant soldier, he extended his French lands until he ruled most of France. He laid the foundation of the English Jury System and raised new taxes (scutage) from the landholders to pay for a militia force. Henry is mostly remembered for his quarrel with Thomas A Becket, and Becket's subsequent murder in Canterbury Cathedral on 29 Dec 1170. Henry's sons turned against him, even his favourite son John.

Henry married Eleanore of Poitou on 18 May 1153 in England. was born about 1123; died about 1204. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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From the 12th to the 15th century, Bordeaux regained importance following the marriage of Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine with the French-speaking Count Henri Plantagenet, born in Le Mans, who became, within months of their wedding, King Henry II of England.