Alianore de Clare

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Descendant of Magna Charta Sureties Saher de Quincy and John de Lacy.

Alianore married Hugh le Despenser about 1306. Hugh died about 1326. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Isabel le Despenser was born about 1312 in England; died about 1356 in England.

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Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford, 7th Earl of Gloucester (2 Sep 1243 - 7 Dec 1295) was a powerful English noble. He was also known as Gilbert the Red probably because of his hair colour. Gilbert de Clare was born at Christchurch, Hampshire, England, the son of Richard de Clare, Earl of Hertford and Gloucester, and of Maud de Lacy, Countess of Lincoln, daughter of John de Lacy and Margaret de Quincy. Gilbert inherited his father's estates in 1262. He took on the titles, including Lord of Glamorgan, from 1263. He was a Magna Charta Surety. In April 1264, Gilbert de Clare led the massacre of the Jews at Canterbury, as Simon de Montfort had done in Leicester. On 20 October 1264, Gilbert and his associates were excommunicated by Pope Clement IV, and his lands placed under an interdict. In the following month, by which time they had obtained possession of Gloucester and Bristol, the Earl was proclaimed to be a rebel. On 24 June 1268 he took the Cross at Northampton in repentance and contrition for his past misdeeds. He died at Monmouth Castle on 7 December 1295, and was buried at Tewkesbury Abbey, on the left side of his grandfather Gilbert de Clare. His extensive lands were enjoyed by his surviving wife Joan of Acre until her death in 1307.
Monmouth Castle is located close to the centre of Monmouth town, Monmouthshire, Wales on a hill towering over the River Monnow, behind shops and the main square and streets. Once an important border castle, it stood until the English Civil War* when it was damaged and changed hands three times before suffering the indignity of slighting to prevent it being fortified again. After partial collapse in 1647, the site was reused and built over by Castle House. It was built by William FitzOsbern, 1st Earl of Hereford, the castle builder, in around 1067 to 1071 and shares some similarities with Chepstow Castle, another of FitzOsbern's designs further south on the River Wye in Monmouthshire.
*The English Civil War (1642-1651) was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians (Roundheads) and Royalists (Cavaliers). The first (1642-46) and second (1648-49) civil wars pitted the supporters of King Charles I against the supporters of the Long Parliament, while the third war (1649-51) saw fighting between supporters of King Charles II and supporters of the Rump Parliament. The Civil War ended with the Parliamentary victory at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651. The wars led to the trial and execution of Charles I, the exile of his son, Charles II, and replacement of English monarchy with first, the Commonwealth of England (1649-53), and then with a Protectorate (1653-59), under Oliver Cromwell's personal rule. The monopoly of the Church of England on Christian worship in England ended with the victors consolidating the established Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland. Constitutionally, the wars established the precedent that an English monarch cannot govern without Parliament's consent, although this concept was legally established only with the Glorious Revolution later in the century.

Gilbert married Joan of Acre on 30 Apr 1290 in Westminster Abbey, England. Joan (daughter of Edward I Longshanks Plantagenet and Leanor of Castile) was born about 1272 in Syria; died about 1307. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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Joan of Acre (April 1272 - 23 April 1307) was an English princess, a daughter of the King Edward I of England and queen Eleanor of Castile.The name "Acre" derives from her birthplace in the Holy Land while her parents were on a crusade. She was married twice; her first husband was Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester, one of the most powerful nobles in her father's kingdom; her second husband was Ralph de Monthermer, a squire in her household whom she married in secrecy. Joan is most notable for the claim that miracles have allegedly taken place at her grave, and for the multiple references of her in literature.

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Married:
Noted that Gilbert de Clare was age 47 and Joan of Acre was age 18 at time of marriage

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A Magna Charta Surety

Richard married Maud de Lacy about 1238. Maud (daughter of John de Lacy and Margaret de Quincy) died about 1288. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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Descendant of Magna Charta Sureties Saher de Quincy and John de Lacy.

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Married:
Richard de Clare was age 16 at time of marriage

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Edward I House of Plantagenet, King of England 1272-1307 Known as "Longshanks" for his extraordinary height, Edward, son of King Henry III, was a strong-willed, militaristic king who succeeded in subduing Wales but failed to conquer Scotland. He made significant changes to feudal law, strengthening both the Crown and Parliament at the cost of the old nobility. Edward Longshanks was a statesman, lawyer and soldier. He formed the Model Parliament in 1295, bringing together the knights, clergy, nobility and burgesses of the cities, bringing Lords and Commons together for the first time. Aiming at a united Britain, he defeated the Welsh chieftains and desgnated his eldest son Prince of Wales.

Edward married Leanor of Castile on 1 Nov 1254 in Abbey of Santa Mar. was born about 1241 in Kingdom of Castile, Hispania; died about 1290 in Harby, Nottinghamshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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Eleanor of Castile (Abt 1241 - 28 Nov 1290) was the first queen consort of Edward I of England. She was also Countess of Ponthieu in her own right from 1279 until her death in 1290, succeeding her mother and ruling together with her husband. Eleanor was born in Castile [Hispania] daughter of Saint Ferdinand, King of Castile and Leon and his second wife, Joan, Countess of Ponthieu. Her Castilian name, Leonor, became Alienor or Alianor in England, and Eleanor in modern English. She was the second of five children born to Fernando and Jeanne. Her elder brother Fernando was born in 1239/40, her younger brother Louis in 1242/43; two sons born after Louis died young. For the ceremonies in 1291 marking the first anniversary of Eleanor's death, 49 candlebearers were paid to walk in the public procession to commemorate each year of her life. This would date her birth to the year 1241.
Ponthieu was one of six feudal counties that eventually merged to become part of the Province of Picardy, in northern France. Its chief town was Abbeville. During the Hundred Years' War* (roughly 1337-1453), Ponthieu changed hands a number of times In late August of 1346, during his campaigns on French soil, Edward III of England reached the region of Ponthieu. While there, he restored the fortress at Crotoy that had been ruined. In April, 1369 Charles V of France conquered Ponthieu, and a month later declared war on England. In 1372 an English army under the leadership of Robert Knolles invaded Ponthieu, burning the city of Le Crotoy. Also during the Hundred Years' War; in 1435, Charles VII of France bribed Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, to break his alliance with the English in exchange for possession of Ponthieu.
*The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of Valois and the House of Plantagenet, also known as the House of Anjou, for the French throne, which had become vacant upon the extinction of the senior Capetian line of French kings. The House of Valois claimed the title of King of France, while the Plantagenets claimed the thrones of both France and England. The Plantagenet kings were the 12th-century rulers of the kingdom of England, and had their roots in the French regions of Anjou and Normandy. The conflict lasted 116 years but was punctuated by several periods of peace, before it finally ended with the expulsion of the Plantagenets from France (except from the Pale of Calais) by the House of Valois. However, the war nearly ruined the Valois, while the Plantagenets enriched themselves with plunder. France suffered greatly from the war, since most of the conflict occurred in that country. The "war" was in fact a series of conflicts and is commonly divided into three or four phases: the Edwardian War (1337-1360), the Caroline War (1369-1389), the Lancastrian War (1415-1429), and the slow decline of Plantagenet fortunes after the appearance of Joan of Arc (1412-1431). Several other contemporary European conflicts were directly related to this conflict: the Breton War of Succession, the Castilian Civil War, the War of the Two Peters, and the 1383-1385 Crisis. The term "Hundred Years' War" was a later term invented by historians to describe the series of events

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Surety of the Magna Charta

John married Margaret de Quincy in by 1221. Margaret (daughter of Robert de Quincy and Hawise of Chester) died about 1266. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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She was a descendant of Charlemagne and Alfred the Great and a descendant of Magna Charta Surety Saher de Quincy and she married Magna Charta Surety John de Lacy.

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Henry III Plantagenet, King of England 1216-1272 was 9 years old when he became King. Brought up by priests he became devoted to the church, art, and learning. In 1264 Henry was captured during the rebellion of Barons led by Simon de Montfort and was forced to set up a 'Parlement' at Westminster which later became the House of Commons. Henry was the greatest of all patrons of medieval architecture and ordered the rebuilding of Westminster Abbey in the Gothic style.

Henry married Eleanore of Provence about 1216 in England. was born about 1207; died about 1291. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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Married:
Noted that King Henry III was age 9 at the time he married to Eleanore of Provence